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ARTIFICIAL CORAL HABITATS
Off Gulf coast of Florida, giant concrete domes were dropped more than 200 feet underwater to help restore corals and sea life. All corals outplanted in 2025 survived and even grewScientists have deployed specially designed concrete domes off Florida’s northern Gulf coast to help restore coral habitats. The project ta...- In 2016, New Jersey sank 5,000 tons of concrete from a demolished Brooklyn pier off Sandy Hook; the rubble was designed to become habitat for fish and musselsIn a 2016 initiative, rubble from a demolished pier in Brooklyn was repurposed to form a new reef, enhancing habitats for marine life. Whil...
- How Southern New England wind turbines are turning into artificial reefs where crabs thrive?Once they reach the end stage of their lives, wind turbines could become home to various marine life. Recent reports suggest that wind turb...
- Florida was throwing away damaged metal signposts. In 2026, they are being turned into underwater habitatsIn Florida counties, discarded road signposts are being creatively repurposed into underwater habitats. These metal structures are transfor...
- ARSBC bought HMCS Chaudière from Canada’s Defence Department for $1 plus 7 cents GST; after its reef conversion, glass tunicates came to cover much of the vesselThe Canadian warship HMCS Chaudière was acquired for a symbolic price and subsequently sunk, transforming it into a vibrant artificial reef...
- In 2019, Jordan sank a Lockheed L-1011 TriStar in waters up to 92 feet deep; three years later, its fuselage and wings sheltered corals, sponges, octopuses and pufferfishAn ex-airliner has been repurposed as a lively artificial reef in the Red Sea. As marine species have swiftly inhabited the sunken plane, a...
- In 1997, Florida sank 8 A-7 Corsairs and a T-2 trainer off Jacksonville; 5 years later, all remained in place and were regularly used by divers and fishermenIn 1997, retired A-7 Corsair aircraft were deliberately sunk off the Florida coast, serving a dual purpose as artificial reefs. This innova...
- In the mid-late 1970s, Florida sank an F-101, F-102, T-33 and Sikorsky off Bay County; the aircraft served as fishing and diving reefs for more than 10 yearsIn the 1970s, Florida made a bold choice by sinking military jets and helicopters into the Gulf of Mexico, creating makeshift fishing and d...
- In 1995, Hurricane Luis damaged Maiden Island Reef in the Caribbean, already hit by development. Years later, Reef Balls supported 5,000 new coral colonies representing 30 speciesReef Balls are designed artificial reef modules mimicking natural structures. These concrete units provide habitat and shelter for marine s...
- In 2002, South Australia scuttled ex-HMAS Hobart in 2 minutes and 17 seconds; 18 years later, a marine survey recorded more than 50 fish species around the destroyerThe HMAS Hobart, once a formidable navy destroyer, has transformed into a vibrant artificial reef after being submerged for eighteen years....
- In 2017, Jordan sank a 100-foot C-130 Hercules cargo plane off Aqaba; marine life has been colonizing it ever sinceA retired Jordanian C-130 Hercules plane was intentionally sunk offshore Aqaba. This created an artificial reef to foster marine life and c...
- In 1993, Miami lowered a retired Boeing 727 called Spirit of Miami into the sea; a storm split it apart a year later, and coral, oysters, and fish moved inThe Spirit of Miami, a retired Boeing 727, now lies submerged beneath the waves, purposefully sunk to provide an ecological haven. The deva...
- In 2019, Australia lowered a 58-ton concrete greenhouse into the Great Barrier Reef; the 12-metre underwater structure became a living artwork and coral habitatNestled beneath the waves near John Brewer Reef in Australia lies an innovative Coral Greenhouse sculpture crafted from pH-neutral cement, ...
- 150,000 plastic bottles, 1 floating island: British carpenter built a home from recycled waste. It had internet and even a waterfall. But the place no longer existsRichart Sowa, a visionary British artist, ingeniously built a floating island home named Joyxee Island, made from 150,000 discarded plastic...
- In 2025, Miami sank 22 concrete cars beneath the Atlantic; what looks like an underwater traffic jam is actually a giant artificial reef for 2,200 coralsBeneath the waves off Miami Beach, a striking collection of 22 concrete cars lies submerged, serving as artificial reefs that support coral...
- In 1986, Florida sank this 189-foot ship off the Florida Keys; decades later, its stripped superstructure is covered in sponges, corals and hydroidsThe Thunderbolt, a former military and research vessel, now serves as an artificial reef off Marathon in the Florida Keys. It was intention...
- In 2021, Cyprus submerged 93 sculptures to create an underwater forest; concrete trees rise from the seabed at different depthsAn underwater sculpture park in Cyprus offers a unique habitat for marine life. This art installation, MUSAN, features concrete figures and...
- In 2023, Georgia sank two retired Atlanta commuter trains; seven months later, divers found corals, fish, and other marine life colonizing the railcarsRetired MARTA train cars were sunk off Georgia's coast to create new reefs. Divers found marine life and coral growth on the cars within se...
- In 2019, Jordan sank 19 military machines in the Red Sea, turning retired tanks, cannons, an ambulance, and a combat helicopter into an underwater museum and artificial reefJordan's Aqaba hosts a unique underwater military museum featuring decommissioned vehicles. These sunken machines now serve as artificial r...
- In 1982, Delaware’s former tanker was built for a life at sea carrying oil. 44 years later, the vessel was deliberately sunk off Delaware’s coast, beginning a second life as an artificial reef for marine speciesThe Calcasieu Pass vessel, constructed in 1982 for oil operations, has made a remarkable transition to become a key component of Delaware's...
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