Meta rejects allegations it sought to hook children as landmark trial begins

Meta Platforms rejected accusations by U.S. states that it intentionally sought to addict children to its Facebook and Instagram platforms in pursuit of profit, at the ​start of a trial that could reshape some of the most popular ​apps on the planet.

A bipartisan group of 29 U.S. states is suing Meta, seeking potentially tens or hundreds of billions of dollars in penalties and ​changes to how Meta does business.

Four lead states - California, Colorado, Kentucky and New Jersey - accuse Meta of designing Facebook and Instagram to hook young users, fueling anxiety, depression and even suicide, and misleading consumers about the platforms' safety.


Jurors will hear claims by all 29 states that Meta violated federal law by improperly collecting and using personal data of children while they used its platforms.

Experts have said the trial in the Oakland, California, federal court, which began with ‌opening statements on Tuesday, is ⁠the biggest ⁠legal test yet of social media's effects on young users.

Meta and other social media companies including Snap, TikTok parent ByteDance and YouTube parent Alphabet face thousands of lawsuits by states, municipalities, school districts and individuals over whether their products harm young users.

Megan ​O'Neill, a deputy attorney general for California, told the eight-person jury that Meta's business model was to "hook the users, hold them for as long as they can, harvest their data, and then hide the truth ​from the public."

"It worked especially well for kids," O'Neill added. "Meta needed kids, and it needed to reassure the people who cared about those kids that the kids are safe."

Meta's lawyer, Paul Schmidt, acknowledged there was "no dispute" that some people face struggles from using social media.

But he said this did not rise to addiction, and that research showed no clear link between social media use by adolescents ​and a lack of well-being. Schmidt also said Meta and its co-founder and CEO, Mark Zuckerberg, shared a desire to improve ⁠their services, not ‌make them dangerous.

"They don't believe they're going to do well if people don't like their service," Schmidt said.

Judge could order changes to Facebook, Instagram

Jurors are expected ​to issue an advisory verdict, ​but U.S. District Judge Yvonne Gonzalez Rogers will determine Meta's liability.

If she finds Meta liable, Rogers could impose civil penalties and order changes to Facebook and ⁠Instagram.

Meta has said penalties could be as high as $1.4 trillion, close to the Menlo Park, California-based company's market value.

Attorneys ​general have yet to specify penalties but said at a hearing last week the amount could be closer to $200 billion - equivalent to ​about three years of after-tax profit for Meta.

California, Colorado, Kentucky and New Jersey also want Meta to overhaul Facebook and Instagram, including by eliminating likes and the infinite scroll that encourages views of new posts, and implementing age restrictions and time limits for younger users.

Zuckerberg and Instagram chief Adam Mosseri are expected to testify. The trial is scheduled to last six weeks.

Internal evidence presented

O'Neill said the states were not trying to put Meta, or social media, out of business.

"This case is not about whether social media has some benefits for some people. It does," she said.

But she said Meta exploited children for its own benefit, researching how children's brains work and react to online stimuli, and tracking every interaction that children had on its apps.

She showed jurors an internal email sent to Mosseri, ‌which said "teen time spent" was the goal, and said Meta employees viewed Instagram as a "drug" and themselves as "pushers."

"Meta found the younger a kid is when they start using the app, the better," O'Neill said.

Schmidt acknowledged that employees might use "loose" language in private, but jurors would hear what the employee who called Instagram a drug ​then did to make it ​safer.

He also said Meta tries to develop tools to ⁠help struggling users, and flagged 1.4 million accounts over four years where it appeared users might be under 13.

Critics speak out

Some critics of Meta spoke outside the courthouse as the trial began.

Among them was Mary Rodee, who said her 15-year-old son Riley Basford was victimized by a predator on Facebook before he died by suicide in 2021.

"They call it spontaneous suicide," she said. "I ​call it what it was, the predictable outcome of a system that protects corporations instead of children."

The lawsuit began in 2023, two years after whistleblower Frances Haugen testified to a U.S. Senate committee that Meta knew its products were unsafe for children and knew how to fix the problem, but did nothing in favor of pursuing higher profits.

In March, a Los Angeles jury ordered Meta and Google to pay $6 million to a 20-year-old woman who said she became addicted to Instagram and YouTube as a child.

Earlier this month, a New Mexico judge ordered Meta to pay $567 million to address teenagers' mental health after that state's attorney general called its platforms a public nuisance.

Tennessee is also in the midst of a trial against Meta, accusing it of disregarding internal research about Instagram's negative effects on teenagers.