Strict compliance for industrial well-being

The death of 11 persons from breathing toxic air resulting most probably from the illegal dumping of industrial effluents in the sewage system was an avoidable tragedy. Though not on the same scale, the Ludhiana deaths automatically remind us of the death and mayhem caused by the Union Carbide gas leak in Bhopal in December 1984. That disaster resulted in putting in place rules and regulations for handling industrial waste. Clear and elaborate regulations are, indeed, in place for industrial units to deal with waste. Yet, man-made tragedies occur because industries do not comply with the rules. Having put robust rules in place, GoI's focus needs to move to strict compliance.

India wants to grow its industrial base. This expansion requires the robust implementation of environment and health-related regulations. However, it is neither possible nor desirable for GoI to adopt a command-and-control approach to regulations. But to avoid a return to inspector raj and rent-seeking, there has to be an exponential improvement in compliance. To this end, government must also provide technical support, incentives and the enabling infrastructure to help MSEs to comply with regulation. At the same, failure to comply must be penalised and serve a demonstrative effect. This will require a structure of disincentives.

Industries must follow safety norms and regulations that ensure occupational health and safety. Ensuring proper implementation of these regulations is the responsibility of relevant government authorities. The situation in Ludhiana built up over time. Accountability for lapses must be affixed. Regulations matter, especially those relating to health, worker safety and environment. Government and industry must take compliance seriously.