H1N1 cases are rising across Indian cities from Delhi to Bengaluru: Doctors say who is at higher risk and symptoms to watch

H1N1, commonly known as swine flu, has become the dominant flu strain this season, with cities across India, including Delhi and Mumbai, reporting a steady rise in cases. In Delhi alone, 1,777 H1N1 cases have been logged this year, part of a total of 2,392 Influenza-A infections, prompting a review meeting between Union Health Minister JP Nadda and Delhi Health Minister Pankaj Kumar Singh on Friday.

Doctors say the rise isn't just visible in official numbers, labs are also seeing a jump in people coming in for testing with respiratory symptoms, and they're flagging who needs to be extra careful this season.

Delhi's numbers so far


According to health department data, 114 H1N1 cases were reported in Delhi on Thursday alone, out of 159 total influenza cases that day. Of the year's 2,602 total influenza cases in the city, 2,392 are Influenza-A, of which 1,777 are H1N1, 37 are H1, 138 are H3 and 440 fall under other Influenza-A categories. The remaining 210 are Influenza-B cases.

Delhi Health Minister Pankaj Kumar Singh told PTI that the capital is fully equipped to handle the situation. "There is no shortage of beds, doctors, medicines or essential medical equipment and every patient will receive timely and appropriate treatment," he said.

India typically sees two flu peaks each year, one between January and March, and another during the post-monsoon period. H1N1 is this year's dominant subtype in Delhi, while H3N2 was dominant last year.

What doctors are seeing on the ground

Labs across Delhi-NCR are reporting a sharp increase in positive H1N1 cases and testing requests. Arjun Dang, CEO of Dr Dang's Lab, told ANI that his laboratory has detected dozens of positive cases in recent weeks. "We are witnessing a significant surge in Influenza A (H1N1), commonly known as swine flu, across Delhi. Over recent weeks, our laboratory has detected dozens of positive cases, alongside a marked increase in testing requests from individuals presenting with upper respiratory tract symptoms," he said.

He added that home-collection services and molecular testing systems are helping speed up detection, with results now available within a few hours, allowing for timely clinical intervention.

Who's at higher risk

Dang told ANI that people with weaker immunity or existing health conditions need to be especially careful. "Immunocompromised individuals and others at higher risk should remain particularly vigilant and seek medical advice and timely testing if they develop symptoms," he said. Health officials add that young children and elderly people with co-morbidities are among the most vulnerable groups.

Symptoms and precautions to watch for

Doctors are urging basic hygiene measures to limit the spread, including regular hand-washing, wearing masks in crowded places, and isolating and seeking treatment under medical guidance if a test comes back positive. "Public awareness remains crucial: regular hand hygiene, appropriate masking, and, when a positive result is confirmed, isolation and treatment under the guidance of a physician can help limit transmission," Dang told ANI.

Delhi's health department has also advised people to cover their mouth and nose with an elbow, tissue or handkerchief while coughing or sneezing, avoid spitting in public, avoid handshakes and close contact with people showing respiratory symptoms, and drink plenty of fluids. Officials have also cautioned against self-medicating and advised people to consult a doctor if symptoms appear.

What authorities are doing

According to PTI, Union Health Minister Nadda has called for greater involvement of municipal councillors and local bodies in raising awareness about seasonal disease prevention. Hospitals and district health authorities have been directed to strengthen screening, reporting and monitoring, and technical guidelines on treatment, ventilator management, mask use and home care have been circulated.

Delhi's State Surveillance Unit is tracking daily data on influenza, influenza-like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) through the IDSP-IHIP portal, with daily bulletins shared with senior officials, PTI reported. An inter-sectoral meeting involving the MCD, NDMC, Cantonment Board, Education Department and DDA was also held to step up public awareness efforts.

The review also touched on vector-borne diseases, with Delhi reporting 246 dengue, 80 malaria and 19 chikungunya cases this year, with no deaths linked to any of the three. Civic agencies have carried out 2.38 crore house visits and sprayed 3.2 lakh houses as part of vector-control measures so far.

(With inputs from ANI and PTI)