Christmas with punches: This unique tradition in Peru helps settle disputes

When you hear the word Christmas, things like vacations, ornately decorated trees and churches, cakes and festivities come to mind, which is true for most of the world. In a remote village in the province of Chumbivilcas, situated deep in the Andes Mountains of Peru, the villagers have a different way of celebrating the birth of Jesus.

Each year, residents from across the province gather in its capital, San Tomas, for Takanakuy, a festival of drinking, dancing and hand-to-hand fighting. The event allows individuals to openly challenge those who have offended them during the year. Men, women, the elderly and even children are permitted to participate, reflecting the absence of formal government services, police or courts in the region. Disputes ranging from land and territorial issues to personal, romantic and family conflicts are addressed during the fights.

The entire region participates as San Tomas turns into a multi-day street celebration. Street vendors prepare traditional food while people dressed in elaborate costumes fill the streets. The tradition has deep historical roots, linked to the Chaka people, an indigenous community known for resisting Inca and Spanish rule. Despite criticism from Peru’s central government in Lima, which views the practice as barbaric, the Chumbivilcans continue to observe Takanakuy as an expression of independence and a way to begin the new year in peace.



Music, constant dancing and alcohol play a central role in the festivities, creating an atmosphere meant to prepare participants psychologically for combat. Fights take place within a circle of spectators and follow specific rules enforced by a referee. Combat begins and ends with a hug, reinforcing the festival’s underlying purpose of resolving grievances and restoring social harmony.