Norovirus: All you may want to know about symptoms, treatment and prevention

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has reported 495 norovirus outbreaks nationwide till December 11. It is up from 393 during the same time last year.

Symptoms

Norovirus leads to vomiting, diarrhea, stomach cramping and dehydration symptoms like dark urine or dry mouth. Other symptoms include dizziness, low-grade fever, muscle aches and fatigue.

The virus causes symptoms suddenly, usually 12-48 hours after exposure. Though some infected individuals show no symptoms, they can still spread the virus. High-risk groups include young children, older adults and immunocompromised people.


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Treatment

There are no antiviral medications or antibiotics for norovirus. Rest and hydration are essential for recovery. Avoid eating solid foods until ready. When reintroducing solids, the BRAT diet (bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast) may help. Avoid alcohol and possibly dairy, as norovirus can temporarily affect lactose digestion.

Sick individuals should drink diluted sodas, juices, or oral rehydration solutions to prevent dehydration. Solid foods can be added when tolerated, starting with gentle options like the BRAT diet. Listen to your body to gauge readiness for other foods.

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Prevention

Good hygiene practices are crucial. Handwashing with soap and water for 20 seconds is more effective than hand sanitizers. Avoid sharing food or drinks and clean contaminated surfaces promptly. Norovirus can remain contagious for over two weeks after recovery.

Foods like raw oysters are common sources of norovirus, as contaminated food and water are primary transmission methods.

FAQs

What should I do if I contract norovirus?
Rest, hydrate and avoid solid foods until your body is ready. Reintroduce gentle foods gradually and continue hydrating to recover.

How can I prevent norovirus infections?
Wash hands thoroughly, avoid sharing food or drinks and clean surfaces promptly. Practice extra care with foods like raw oysters that may carry the virus.