Flu season is here, and here’s everything Americans need to know about who should get vaccinated, eligibility, safety updates, and where to get flu shot

As the weather cools, the season for influenza, RSV, COVID-19, and other respiratory illnesses is upon us, prompting many Americans to line up at pharmacies and clinics to update their vaccinations. Despite recent changes in federal health leadership, the annual flu shot recommendations remain largely the same.

Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. has stirred uncertainty over vaccine access by replacing every member of the committee that advises the CDC on annual immunization guidelines.

Are there any updates to the flu vaccine this year?

In July, a small but notable change took place when RFK Jr. approved a controversial ACIP recommendation to eliminate thimerosal, a previously common preservative, from all flu vaccines.

Thimerosal, a preservative already mostly removed from US vaccines, has been a frequent target of anti-vaccine groups despite widespread scientific agreement on its safety. Experts note that advances in manufacturing have further reduced the necessity for such additives.

While the CDC highlights thimerosal-free vaccines for the 2025-2026 season, this update is unlikely to cause significant changes, as 96 percent of flu vaccines in the US were already thimerosal-free during the 2024-2025 season.

Who is eligible for a flu shot?

Anyone aged six months and older can receive the flu vaccine, unless they have a medical condition, such as an allergy to its components or a history of severe reaction, that prevents immunization.

The FDA approved FluMist in September 2024, a nasal spray option for flu vaccination. However, it is not suitable for certain groups, including children under 2, adults over 50, pregnant individuals, people with weakened immune systems, or those taking specific medications.

Who should get a flu shot and why?

Health authorities, including the CDC, the American Academy of Pediatrics, and the American Academy of Family Physicians, recommend that everyone aged six months and older receive an annual flu shot.

Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent influenza and its potentially serious complications, and it is generally available at little or no cost. While flu symptoms often include fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, congestion, headache, and fatigue, the illness can lead to more severe issues such as sinus and ear infections, inflammation of the heart, brain, or muscles, multi-organ failure, sepsis, or worsening of chronic conditions like asthma.

Older adults, particularly those 65 and above, and adults over 50 with chronic medical conditions, are most vulnerable to severe outcomes, while young children, immunocompromised individuals, pregnant people, and those in healthcare or long-term care settings are strongly encouraged to get vaccinated promptly.

Where to get a flu shot

For many American adults, pharmacies are the primary destination for seasonal flu shots. Major chains like CVS and Walgreens allow patients to schedule appointments online or walk in, and often provide multiple vaccines during the same visit. Most insurance plans fully cover the cost, though it’s advisable to confirm with your provider if you have any questions.

Children who are uninsured, underinsured, eligible for Medicaid, or of American Indian or Alaska Native heritage can receive the flu vaccine at no cost through the CDC’s Vaccines for Children (VFC) Program. Proof of eligibility is not required beyond confirming qualifications with the healthcare professional administering the shot.

Adults without insurance, with limited coverage, or facing barriers to vaccination can access flu shots through a variety of free or low-cost programs. To find nearby locations, they can use Vaccines.gov. Vaccines are offered at little or no cost at healthcare providers’ offices, pharmacies, HRSA-supported clinics, and through community organizations, schools, and workplace programs.