In 1776, a 17-year-old Connecticut teenager secretly spied on the British during the American Revolution, escaped execution and survived where Nathan Hale failed

When Americans think of Revolutionary War spies, Nathan Hale is often the first name that comes to mind. But in 1776, another young Connecticut patriot was carrying out a remarkably similar mission — and unlike Hale, he managed to stay undercover for months.

His name was David Maltbie, a 17-year-old from Stamford, Connecticut, whose little-known story has recently come back to light through newly uncovered historical documents. Maltbie crossed Long Island Sound into British-controlled territory, posed as a schoolteacher and secretly gathered intelligence for the patriot cause.

David Maltbie entered enemy territory as a teenager

The mission came at a dangerous moment in the American Revolution.


After the Continental Army suffered a devastating defeat at the Battle of Brooklyn in August 1776, the British took control of New York City and Long Island. From Connecticut, American forces could see the enemy-held shoreline across Long Island Sound.

George Washington urgently needed information about British troops and their movements.

A new unit called Knowlton’s Rangers was created to gather intelligence behind enemy lines. Its members were expected to blend into civilian life and secretly send information back to the patriot forces. Nathan Hale, then 21, entered Long Island pretending to be a Dutch schoolteacher looking for work.

Maltbie used essentially the same cover. But while Hale went to Huntington, Maltbie arrived in Oyster Bay, about seven miles away.

He secretly reported British troop movements

Maltbie managed to avoid detection while living among people under British occupation.

He wrote letters to people back home, using them as a way to communicate intelligence about British troops, their numbers and movements. The original letters have not survived, so historians still do not know precisely how Maltbie was recruited or exactly how his information reached Washington.

At one point, Maltbie apparently became confident enough to suggest that the British position could be overrun.

According to an 1846 letter describing his story, Maltbie believed “500 men could easily dislodge the British here.”

His messages were carried across the Sound by an older man named Seely. But the courier eventually became suspicious of the unusually large amount of correspondence.

He opened one of the letters. What he found revealed Maltbie's secret. Seely was a loyalist and turned the information over to the British.

The teenage spy was sentenced to hang

Maltbie tried to flee by boat, but British authorities caught him while he was attempting to cross the Sound.

He was quickly convicted as a spy and imprisoned in an improvised guardhouse in Oyster Bay, where he awaited execution.

Then came an unexpected twist.

A 10- or 11-year-old girl named Elizabeth Wooden regularly visited Maltbie in prison. Because the guards considered her too young to pose a threat, she was able to bring him food. Years later, Wooden recalled what she knew about the young prisoner.

According to her account, Maltbie eventually “broke out of his prison and escaped” shortly before he was supposed to be hanged. Remarkably, he had already been reprieved, although he did not know it when he escaped.

Maltbie's story did not end there

Maltbie continued serving the patriot cause.

He joined the Continental Army in December 1776 and later became captain of a whaleboat crew. By 1781, he was involved in raids against British vessels and loyalists on Long Island.

In 1783, Maltbie was captured again in Manhattan on suspicion of being a spy, as well as over an alleged robbery. He was imprisoned in the notorious Provost prison but was eventually acquitted.

After the war, Maltbie returned to Connecticut, married and raised a family. He later became a fur and animal-skin seller, served in the Connecticut legislature and worked as a justice of the peace. He died in 1807 at age 48.

Why David Maltbie was forgotten

Maltbie's story remained largely hidden for generations. Newly uncovered letters helped historians reconstruct his wartime activities and shed light on the early intelligence operations used by Washington.

His experience also demonstrated why Washington eventually needed a more organized spy network. The later Culper Spy Ring became one of the most effective intelligence networks of the Revolutionary War.

Nathan Hale became a celebrated symbol of sacrifice. David Maltbie, meanwhile, quietly disappeared from popular memory.

Now, 250 years after the American Revolution began, his story offers a reminder that some of the most extraordinary patriots were not the famous names in history books, but ordinary young people who took enormous risks when their country was still being created.