How American presidents plan their own funerals

Jimmy Carter’s final journey will end at his home in Plains, Georgia—a small town where he grew up on a peanut farm. This is also where his wife, Rosalynn, was laid to rest last year in a burial plot they selected together years ago.

Before Carter reaches his humble resting place, however, his funeral will involve an intricate blend of tradition, ceremony, and personal touches. These elements are characteristic of state funerals, which have long been a part of America’s farewell to its presidents.

Jimmy Carter had more time than most to plan his funeral. He lived for 43 years after leaving office, the longest post-presidency in U.S. history, before passing away at the age of 100.


Although many details of Carter’s funeral remain private, it is expected to follow the general structure of state funerals. Most presidents lie in state at the U.S. Capitol, followed by a memorial service at Washington National Cathedral. President Joe Biden confirmed he would deliver Carter’s eulogy at a major service planned for January 9.

Past Instances
Presidential funerals have historically served as moments of unity and remembrance. They allow the nation to reflect on the contributions and legacy of a leader who once served all Americans.

John F. Kennedy’s funeral, following his assassination, set a lasting example of how these moments resonate with the public. His son’s salute to the casket and the riderless horse in the procession are iconic images. Kennedy’s was also the first presidential funeral widely televised, allowing millions to mourn collectively.

Presidential funerals also reflect personal preferences. For instance, Dwight Eisenhower, the Supreme Commander of Allied Forces during World War II, requested to be buried in a simple $80 government-issued casket. Ronald Reagan’s procession featured his casket being carried up the west steps of the Capitol, symbolizing his connection to California.

The Joint Task Force-National Capital Region, consisting of 4,000 military and civilian personnel, is responsible for executing these ceremonies.

The Unique Role of U.S. Presidents
Unlike many other democracies where the head of state and head of government are separate roles, U.S. presidents embody both ceremonial and executive responsibilities. This dual role heightens the symbolic weight of their funerals.

“Since we don’t have a sovereign, the president becomes our national figurehead,” said Jeffrey Engel, director of the Center for Presidential History at Southern Methodist University. “Whenever one passes, it’s a significant event.”

However, in today’s polarized political climate, state funerals can also highlight divisions. At George H.W. Bush’s funeral in 2018, the gathering included President Donald Trump, who interacted with some attendees but avoided others, including Hillary and Bill Clinton.

“These funerals are always political,” Engel noted. “Whatever happens during Carter’s funeral will carry political undertones, whether intentional or not.”

With agency inputs