Why is Unilever hiving off its food business?

LONDON: Unilever said on Tuesday it will merge ​its food business with spice maker McCormick ​in the second-largest food transaction in history, a deal that will create a ​company worth roughly $65 billion.

The move marks an acceleration of efforts to reshape Unilever under CEO Fernando Fernandez. More than one chief executive has tried to refocus the company's portfolio by expanding in personal care and beauty, and selling some food brands. Unilever's shares were at their ‌lowest level ⁠since April ⁠2024 as investors and analysts worry Fernandez could be distracted from the day-to-day running of Unilever by the separation. And they have questioned the ​benefits of such an action so soon after Unilever's protracted ice cream unit split.

HOW MUCH IS UNILEVER'S FOOD BUSINESS WORTH?


The ​deal values Unilever's food business at about $44.8 billion including debt.

Unilever's packaged food business accounts for more than a quarter of group sales, but faces pressure from a shift away from ultra-processed products, competition from private label brands, ​and softer demand as the rise of weight-loss drugs changes consumer buying ⁠habits.

Home to ‌Knorr bouillon powders and Hellmann's condiments, the division's underlying operating margin - which excludes the impact ​of foreign currency ​exchange rates - was 22.6% of revenue, outstripping the group's 20% margin last year.

The food ⁠business, which also makes Marmite spreads, reported an operating profit of 2.9 ​billion euros ($3.34 billion) last year.


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SLOWER TO GROW COMPARED WITH THE REST

The business, Unilever's ​second largest by sales after personal care, grew at 2.5% last year, more slowly than the rest of the group and well below the company's own mid-term goal.

Underlying sales growth at Unilever's foods division has lagged that of other units since the COVID-19 pandemic highs, repeatedly falling short of the company's annual goal of sales growth of between 4% and 6%.

Analysts and investors question the long-term prospects of the packaged food industry ‌when politicians, including U.S. Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr., have highlighted the potential health risks of processed foods.

DEVELOPED MARKETS HAVE REACHED SATURATION

Part of the problem is that the business ​is operating ​in two contexts: developed and emerging ⁠markets. Unilever's food business is growing more slowly in North America and Europe than in countries such as India and parts of Latin America, where the group has a stronghold in food and private label products are less ​sophisticated, meaning they offer less competition.

Unilever said on Tuesday the combination of its foods business with McCormick would exclude certain assets such as its operations in India, Nepal and Portugal.

"There is more growth in emerging markets, which accounts for 55% of food for Unilever, but it's still not enough to make up for Europe and the U.S. where the market is saturated," Barclays analyst Warren Ackerman said previously.