Mpox Cases Rise: WHO approves first diagnostic test for emergency use, here’s what it means

As the global spread of mpox (formerly known as monkeypox) continues to rise, particularly due to a new, fast-spreading strain, the World Health Organization (WHO) has taken a critical step by approving the world’s first diagnostic test for mpox. This development comes as a beacon of hope for countries grappling with mpox outbreaks in regions where the virus had not previously been detected.

On Thursday, the WHO authorised Abbott Laboratories' mpox diagnostic test for emergency use, which is expected to significantly boost testing capacity in affected areas. In a statement, the UN health agency said, "The approval for emergency use of the Alinity m MPXV assay, manufactured by Abbott Molecular Inc., will be pivotal in expanding diagnostic capacity in countries facing mpox outbreaks, where the need for quick and accurate testing has risen sharply."

How Does the Test Work?

The test identifies the mpox virus through nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT), such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. The recommended specimen for confirming mpox infections is lesion material, and the diagnostic test detects the virus from skin lesion swabs. It is user-friendly for laboratory personnel trained in PCR techniques and in vitro diagnostic (IVD) procedures.

A Milestone in Global Health

Dr. Yukiko Nakatani, WHO Assistant Director-General for Access to Medicines and Health Products, emphasised the significance of this development, stating, "This first mpox diagnostic test listed under the Emergency Use Listing procedure represents a significant milestone in expanding testing availability in affected countries." She highlighted that increasing access to quality-assured medical products is essential in helping countries contain the virus, especially in underserved regions.

Mpox Declared a Global Concern

The WHO had previously declared mpox a global health concern on August 14, urging people to take precautionary measures. Although symptoms of mpox can vary from mild to severe, certain groups, including children, pregnant individuals, and those with weakened immune systems (such as people living with uncontrolled HIV), are at higher risk of severe illness and complications. In some cases, mpox can be fatal.