Delhi air quality turns 'very poor', GRAP Stage 2 curbs enforced: Here's what it means

Delhi-NCR’s air quality has plummeted into the “very poor” category, prompting the Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM) to enforce Stage II of the Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP). The city’s Air Quality Index (AQI) crossed 300, raising health concerns for millions.

The decision came after the GRAP Sub-Committee reviewed the rising pollution levels, alongside forecasts from the India Meteorological Department (IMD) and the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), both warning of further deterioration in the coming days.

“The AQI of Delhi increased steadily, reaching 296 at 4 pm and 302 by 7 pm,” the CAQM said, directing authorities to implement all Stage II measures immediately, in addition to Stage I actions already in place since October 14.


Authorities have also been asked to monitor dust mitigation efforts closely and ensure compliance with timelines outlined in the NCR’s anti-pollution policy.

What Are GRAP Stage II Measures?

GRAP categorises air quality into four stages: Stage I (Poor) with AQI between 201 and 300, Stage II (Very Poor) between 301 and 400, Stage III (Severe) between 401 and 450, and Stage IV (Severe Plus) for AQI above 450.

Stage II of GRAP intensifies pollution control measures across Delhi-NCR including:

Dust Control: Daily mechanical or vacuum sweeping and water sprinkling on major roads, preferably before peak traffic hours.

Construction and Demolition Sites: Enhanced inspections to enforce strict dust control measures.

Public Transport Boost: Additional CNG and electric buses, increased metro frequency, and differential fare rates to encourage off-peak travel.

RWA Responsibilities: Resident welfare associations must provide electric heaters for staff to prevent biomass and solid waste burning.

Inter-State Bus Restrictions: Only CNG, electric, or BS-VI diesel buses can enter Delhi; tourist buses with all-India permits are exempt.

Why Delhi’s Air Becomes Hazardous in Winter

Delhi’s winter pollution spike is usually attributed to unfavourable weather, vehicular emissions, paddy-straw burning, firecrackers, and other local pollutants. According to doctors, breathing in the polluted air of Delhi is equivalent to the harmful effects of smoking approximately 10 cigarettes a day.

Prolonged exposure increases the risk of respiratory issues like asthma, bronchitis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), as well as cardiovascular diseases.