What is carbon monoxide poisoning and its symptoms? 12 Indians suspected to have died from it at Georgia resort

Twelve Indian nationals were discovered dead at a restaurant in Gudauri, a popular mountain resort in Georgia, as confirmed by the Indian mission. According to a statement from Georgia's Ministry of Internal Affairs, an initial investigation found no evidence of physical injury or violence. Reports from local media, citing police sources, indicated that the cause of death for all the victims was carbon monoxide poisoning. The preliminary investigation revealed that a power generator was placed in an enclosed indoor area, near the bedrooms. It was likely turned on after the power supply was cut off on Friday night. But what exactly is carbon monoxide poisoning?

Carbon monoxide poisoning

Carbon monoxide poisoning occurs when excessive levels of carbon monoxide accumulate in the bloodstream. This colourless, odourless, and tasteless gas replaces oxygen in red blood cells, potentially leading to severe tissue damage or even death.

Carbon monoxide is produced when fuels like gas, wood, propane, or charcoal are burned. If appliances or engines are not properly ventilated, the gas can build up to harmful levels, especially in confined spaces.

Symptoms

Carbon monoxide poisoning primarily impacts the brain and heart. Prolonged exposure may cause symptoms that resemble the flu, but without a fever. More specific signs of poisoning include:

- Headache

- Weakness

- Dizziness

- Nausea or vomiting

- Shortness of breath

- Confusion

- Blurred vision

- Drowsiness

- Loss of muscle control

- Loss of consciousness

After recovery from carbon monoxide poisoning, symptoms affecting the nervous system and brain may appear, with a higher risk for individuals who lost consciousness or older adults. These symptoms can include:

- Memory loss

- Personality changes

- Movement difficulties

Carbon monoxide poisoning is particularly hazardous for those who are asleep, intoxicated, or under the influence of drugs, as it can cause brain damage or death before the issue is recognized.

Causes of Carbon monoxide

Carbon monoxide is produced by many fuel-burning devices and engines. In areas with proper ventilation, the amount of carbon monoxide these sources emit is usually not a concern. However, when used in partially enclosed or enclosed spaces, the carbon monoxide levels can become dangerous. For instance, using a charcoal grill indoors or running a car in a garage can pose a risk.

When inhaled, carbon monoxide replaces oxygen in the blood, preventing oxygen from reaching vital tissues and organs. Exposure to smoke from a fire can also lead to carbon monoxide poisoning. Additionally, smoking from a hookah has been associated with an increase in carbon monoxide poisoning cases, particularly among younger individuals.