Donald Trump asks Nadia Murad why she received the Noble Prize, and her answer left the US President stumped

The Norwegian Nobel Committee has awarded this year's Peace Prize to a gynaecologist Denis Mukwege (L) and the Yazidi human rights activist Nadia Murad. The duo were presented with the award for their efforts to end use of sexual abuse as a war and armed conflict weapon.

Mukwege was lauded for devoting his life to treat victims of sexual violence in Congo.

The Nobel committee said in a statement that Murad is one of an estimated 3,000 Yazidi girls and women who were victims of rape and other abuses by the Islamic State army in Iraq.

(Image: The Nobel Prize/Twitter)

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Gregory Winter (L), Frances Arnold (C) and George Smith.

Arnold received the prize for 'directing evolution of enzymes'. Her work supported the environment-friendly manufacture of chemicals. This also included drugs used in production of renewable fuels.

Winter and Smith shared the other half of the prize for their work with drugs. While Smith developed a new way for evolving proteins, Winter figured out the path for evolving antibodies. The production of these new drugs were deemed effective for curing metastatic cancer and counteracting autoimmune diseases.

The first drug based on their work was used for rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease and psoriasis.

The Nobel Prize for Physics was awarded to three scientists - Arthur Ashkin (L), Donna Strickland (C) and Gérard Mourou - for creating the ‘tools made of light’.

Ashkin, 96, is oldest scientist ever to receive the Nobel Prize. He was awarded for creating ‘optical tweezers’. It is more of a technology than a physical instrument. These tweezers are used for isolating tiny particles such as individual atoms, biological cells and DNA strands.

Mourou and Strickland shared the other half of the prize for developing an intense laser pulse which can be used in scientific and medical applications such as eye surgeries.

James P Allison (L) and Tusuku Honjo bagged the Nobel prize for Physiology or Medicine. The two immunologists were awarded for their therapeutic approach to cancer treatment. They showed how our immune system can be engaged in fighting tumour cells.

Allison and Honjo's research revealed how different strategies for inhibiting brakes on the immune system can help with cancer treatment.