India's ceramics and tiles industry faces shutdown as Middle East conflict disrupts fuel

India's ​650 billion rupees ($7 billion) ceramics and tiles industry risks grinding to a halt as the escalating Middle East conflict crimps fuel supplies, threatening hundreds of thousands of livelihoods, industry officials said.

Morbi, in Prime Minister Narendra ‌Modi's home state ⁠of Gujarat ⁠in India's west, is one of the world's largest ceramic manufacturing hubs and the backbone of India's ​tile industry.

The U.S. and Israel's war on Iran has disrupted fuel shipments from the Middle East, hitting ​an industry that relies on propane and natural gas to fire its kilns.


Many of the cluster's roughly 800 ceramic units, which produce tiles, sanitary ware and other products, have ​been hit by fuel supply cuts and a pause ⁠in exports to ‌the Middle East, the officials said.

Several using propane have already shut ​or are ​close to shutting operations due to shortages, while arranging on-site food and ⁠lodging to retain workers during the stoppage.

Some companies that depend ​on natural gas have begun receiving force majeure notices from suppliers, ​forcing them to suspend production.

"Restarting production without certainty of fuel availability is economically unviable," said Hitesh Detroja, chief of Lexus Granito. "The present situation could possibly be worse than the COVID-19 period for the industry."

Tiles and bathware maker Asian Granito said in a filing on Friday that it was evaluating alternative fuels and operational measures to soften the impact.

"If the ‌fuel supply situation does not improve, all ceramic units in Morbi will observe a collective shutdown after March 15," said Manoj Arvadiya, president of ​the Morbi ​Ceramic Association.

The industry is also ⁠unable to ship finished goods to the Middle East, which normally takes about a quarter of Morbi's 30,000 monthly export containers.

"These shipments have come to a complete halt," said Niraj Kundariya, ​chief of global sales at Win-Tel Ceramics.

Shipping companies have also hiked freight charges by 20-30 times, making exports unviable, he added.

The industry has also urged the Gujarat state government to allow coal gasifiers - which convert coal into gas used as industrial fuel - as an alternative. Authorities banned them in Morbi in 2019 to curb air pollution.